Comparing the competitiveness between brazilian and european football (SOCCER) (G-5) – interpretations and suggestions
Main Article Content
Abstract
World sport has been seen as a growing industry, generating revenues of roughly US$ 1 trillion a year. Playing a major role in this industry, football (soccer) is accountable for an annual turnover of approximately US$ 250 billion – Brazil’s share being approximately 1% of that amount. The growing marketing and globalization of football has brought up new topics such as: the risks associated with competitiveness; the need for professional management; creating corporate teams; sports strategies and marketing; accounting; accountability.
This paper aims at: i) understanding the risks associated with the competitiveness of football leagues; ii) comparing the competitive balance in the five largest European football markets (Germany, Spain, France, England and Italy) in relation with Brazilian football and; iii) interpreting these results in view of the literature concerning sports administration.
Downloads
Article Details
1. Proposal of Policy for Free Access Periodics
Authors whom publish in this magazine should agree to the following terms:
a. Authors should keep the copyrights and grant to the magazine the right of the first publication, with the work simultaneously permitted under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 that allows the sharing of the work with recognition of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this magazine.
b. Authors should have authorization for assuming additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this magazine (e.g.: to publish in an institutional repository or as book chapter), with recognition of authorship and initial publication in this magazine.
c. Authors should have permission and should be stimulated to publish and to distribute its work online (e.g.: in institutional repositories or its personal page) to any point before or during the publishing process, since this can generate productive alterations, as well as increasing the impact and the citation of the published work (See The Effect of Free Access).
Proposal of Policy for Periodic that offer Postponed Free Access
Authors whom publish in this magazine should agree to the following terms:
a. Authors should keep the copyrights and grant to the magazine the right of the first publication, with the work simultaneously permitted under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 [SPECIFY TIME HERE] after the publication, allowing the sharing of the work with recognition of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this magazine.
b. Authors should have authorization for assuming additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this magazine (e.g.: to publish in institutional repository or as book chapter), with recognition of authorship and initial publication in this magazine.
c. Authors should have permission and should be stimulated to publish and to distribute its work online (e.g.: in institutional repositories or its personal page) to any point before or during the publishing process, since this can generate productive alterations, as well as increasing the impact and the citation of the published work (See The Effect of Free Access).
d. They allow some kind of open dissemination. Authors can disseminate their articles in open access, but with specific conditions imposed by the editor that are related to:
Version of the article that can be deposited in the repository:
Pre-print: before being reviewed by pairs.
Post-print: once reviewed by pairs, which can be:
The version of the author that has been accepted for publication.
The editor's version, that is, the article published in the magazine.
At which point the article can be made accessible in an open manner: before it is published in the magazine, immediately afterwards or if a period of seizure is required, which can range from six months to several years.
Where to leave open: on the author's personal web page, only departmental websites, the repository of the institution, the file of the research funding agency, among others.
References
BIKKER, J.; K. HAAF (2001) Measures of Competition and concentration: A review of the literature. De Nederlansche Bank, Amsterdan, NL.
BIKKER, J.; K. HAAF (2002) Competition, concentration and their relationship: An empirical analysis of the banking industry. Journal of Banking & Finance, v. 26, p. 2191-2214.
BOAVENTURA, J. M. G.; FISCHMANN, A. A. (2003) Estudo dos Conceitos sobre o conteúdo da estratégia: uma ilustração no campo da tecnologia da informação. FEA, USP
CHAMBERLIN, E, H. (1933) The Theory of Monopolistic Competition. Cambridge, Mass, Harvard University
CHRISTENSEN, K, H. (1999) Estratégia Corporativa: Gerenciando um Conjunto de Negócios. In Fahey & Randall. MBA Curso Prático de Estratégia.
CHETTY, S.; HUNT, C.; COLIN (2004) A Strategic Approach to Globalization: A traditional versus a “Born Global” Aproach. Journal of International Marketing. v.12, n.1, p. 57-81.
FRASER, J.; OPPENHEIM, J. (1997) What’s new about globalization? Mckinsey Quartely, v. 2, p. 168-179
JOHNSON, G.; SCHOLES, K. (1999) Exploring Corporate Strategy: Text and Cases. 5th Ed. N. York, Prentice – Hall.
LEVITT, T. (1983) The Globalization of markets. Harvard Business Review, Jun, p. 92-102
HITT, M.; IRELAND, D.; HOSKISSON, R. E. (2003) Administração Estratégica: competitividade e globalização. São Paulo, Pioneira Thompson
HOFER, C. W.; SCHENDEL, D. (1978) Strategy Formulation: Analytical Concepts. Saint Paul: West Publishing Co.
MINTZBERG, H.; QUINN, J. (2001) O Processo da Estratégia. 3 ed. Porto Alegre: Bookman.
MINTZBERG, H.; AHLSTRAND, B.; LAMPEL, J. (2000) Safári de Estratégia. Porto Alegre: Bookman.
Relatório Final do Plano de Modernização do Futebol Brasileiro. R.Janeiro : FGV e CBF, 2000.
ROBINSON, J. (1933) The Economics of Imperfect Competition. Londres, Macmillan Press.
SCHUMPETER, J. (1911) Teoria do Desenvolvimento Econômico. Trad.port. S.Paulo: Ed. Abril Cultural, col. “Os Economistas”, 1982.
SCHUMPETER, J. (1942) Capitalismo, Socialismo e Democracia. Trad, port. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar Ed, 1984.
SHY, O. (1995) Industrial Organization. Cambridge MA: Mit Press
SRAFFA, P. (1926) The Laws of Rreturns under Competitive Condition. Economic Journal, v. 36, n. 2, p. 535-50
TACHIZAWA, T. (2004) Metodologia de pesquisa aplicada à administração: a internet como instrumento de pesquisa. Rio de Janeiro : Pontal, 2002.
VERGARA, S. Projetos e relatórios de pesquisa em administração. 5a edição, São Paulo: Ed. Atlas.