An evaluation of Nigeria-Chad trade and security relations, 1988-2009
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
صندلی اداریAbstract
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
1. Proposal of Policy for Free Access Periodics
Authors whom publish in this magazine should agree to the following terms:
a. Authors should keep the copyrights and grant to the magazine the right of the first publication, with the work simultaneously permitted under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 that allows the sharing of the work with recognition of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this magazine.
b. Authors should have authorization for assuming additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this magazine (e.g.: to publish in an institutional repository or as book chapter), with recognition of authorship and initial publication in this magazine.
c. Authors should have permission and should be stimulated to publish and to distribute its work online (e.g.: in institutional repositories or its personal page) to any point before or during the publishing process, since this can generate productive alterations, as well as increasing the impact and the citation of the published work (See The Effect of Free Access).
Proposal of Policy for Periodic that offer Postponed Free Access
Authors whom publish in this magazine should agree to the following terms:
a. Authors should keep the copyrights and grant to the magazine the right of the first publication, with the work simultaneously permitted under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 [SPECIFY TIME HERE] after the publication, allowing the sharing of the work with recognition of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this magazine.
b. Authors should have authorization for assuming additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this magazine (e.g.: to publish in institutional repository or as book chapter), with recognition of authorship and initial publication in this magazine.
c. Authors should have permission and should be stimulated to publish and to distribute its work online (e.g.: in institutional repositories or its personal page) to any point before or during the publishing process, since this can generate productive alterations, as well as increasing the impact and the citation of the published work (See The Effect of Free Access).
d. They allow some kind of open dissemination. Authors can disseminate their articles in open access, but with specific conditions imposed by the editor that are related to:
Version of the article that can be deposited in the repository:
Pre-print: before being reviewed by pairs.
Post-print: once reviewed by pairs, which can be:
The version of the author that has been accepted for publication.
The editor's version, that is, the article published in the magazine.
At which point the article can be made accessible in an open manner: before it is published in the magazine, immediately afterwards or if a period of seizure is required, which can range from six months to several years.
Where to leave open: on the author's personal web page, only departmental websites, the repository of the institution, the file of the research funding agency, among others.
References
Akindele, R. A., & Ate, E. B. (1986). Nigeria’s Foreign Policy, 1986-2000 AD: Background to the Reflections on the View from Kuru, Nigerian Journal of International Affairs, 12(1-2), 225
Ani, K. J., & Ojakorotu, V. (2017). Terrorism in Africa: A Comparative Evaluation of Al-Shabab and Boko Haram, Affrika: Journal of Politics, Economics and Society, 7(1), 11-29.
Ani, K. J., & Ojakorotu, V. (2018). Realism in Nigeria-Chad Diplomatic Relations and the Need for Conflict Transformation. Ubuntu: Journal of Conflict and Social Transformation, 7(1), 177-197
Ani K. J., Ojakorotu, V., & Uwizeyimana D. E. (2019). Resource and Environmental Insecurity in the Lake Chad region, Journal of Reviews on Global Economics, 8, 1617-1621
Ani K. J., & Uwizeyimana D. E. (2020) Climate Change and Changing Environmental Insecurity in the Lake Chad, Journal of African Union Studies, 9(2), 65-88
Attah, J. O. (2008). Office of The Public Relations Department, Nigeria Custom Headquarter, An Interview held in Abuja on 25th August
Balami, D. H. (1995). Cross Border Trade between Nigeria and her Neighbours: A Case Study on Nigeria and Chad: A Report Submitted to the Network on Cross-border Trade between Nigeria and her Neighbours: Department of Economics, UNIMAID P. 80
Balami, D. (2000-2001). Government Policies and Behaviour of Actors in the Informal Trans-frontier Trade between Nigeria and Her Neighbours: A Case Study of the Borno Frontier. Annals of Borno, XVII/XVIII, 74.
Balami, D. H. (2002). The Impacts of Informal Cross-Border Trade on Sub-Saharan Africa and Integration with Focus on Nigeria and Her Neighbours, NCEMA Policy Analysis Series (NPAS), 8(2).
Balami, D. H. (2003). Evolution of Cattle Trade between Tchad Republic and Nigeria, Maiduguri: Salawe Prints
Balami D. H. (2006). Evolution of the Political, Economic and Commercial Aspects of the Cross-Border Trade between Nigeria and Her Neighbours. Al-Mahram: Journal of Trans-Saharan Studies, 2(2-3), 15-25
Chibundu, V. N. (2004) Foreign Policy: With Particular Reference to Nigeria (1961-2002) Ibadan: Spectrum Books ltd.
Chouadeung, V. (2009). An Interview held at Chadian Consulate, Maiduguri. May.
Egg, J., & Igue, J. (1993). Market –Driven Integration in the Eastern Sub-region: Nigeria’s Impact on its Neighbours, Cotonou: Lares
Eigbire, M. (2008) Former Assistant Director, Chadian Section, East and Central African Department (ECAD). An interview held at Ministry of Foreign Affairs Abuja, March
Foyou, V. E., Ngwafu, P., Santoyo M., & Ortiz A. (2018). The Boko Haram Insurgency and its Impact on Border Security, Trade and Economic Collaboration between Nigeria and Cameroon: An Exploratory Study, African Social Science Review, 9(1), 66-77
Hirse, B. M. (2009) Cited in Agreed Minutes of the Second Session of the Joint Implementation Committee (JIC) Meeting on Nigeria-Chad Joint Commission Held in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria, 8-10 December, p. 2
Kadiri, D. (2009) The interview was held at Saviour Model College Maiduguri on 28th April.
Kamanda, P., & Oyep, E. (1997).The Evolution of Trade Flows between Nigeria and Cameroon. in A. Nyong An Empirical Study of Nigeria’s Monetary and other Related Macro Economic Policies on Cross- Borders Trade, Cotonou: Core
Linder, S. (1961). An Essay on Trade and Transformation, Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons
Maza, K. D., Koldas U. & Sait A. (2020). Challenges of Combating Terrorist Financing in the Lake Chad Region: Challenges of Combating Terrorist Financing in the Lake Chad region: A Case of Boko Haram, Sage Open, June in https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2158244020934494. Accessed on 18th October, 2020
McCandless, G. T., & Wallace, N. (1991). Introduction to Dynamic Macroeconomic Theory: An Overlapping Generations Approach, Cambridge: Harvard University Press
Muktar, Y. (2000) Trade, Merchants and the State in Borno C. 1893-1939, Koln: Koppe, pp. 201-205
Nigerian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1987). Brief of Nigerian-Chad Joint Commission 21-24 September, Ndjamena P. 6
Nigerian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1996) Protocol of the Second Session of the Nigeria-Chad Joint Commission Held in Abuja, Nigeria from 22nd-24th October, p. 6-11
Nigerian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (2008) Brief for the 4th Session of the Nigeria/Chad Joint Commission Holding in Abuja from 15-17 October
Nigerian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (2009). Agreed Minutes of the Second Session of the Joint Implementation Committee (JIC) Meeting on Nigeria-Chad Joint Commission Held in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria, 8-10 December, p.2-12
Nyong, M. O. (1997) Cameroon Cocoa Exports to South-Eastern Nigeria: A Report Submitted to the Networks on Cross-border Trade Monitoring between Nigeria and it Neighbours, Calabar, Department of Economics, University of Calabar
Obimah, W. (2009) Assistant Director, Chadian Section, East and Central African Department (ECAD). An interview held at Ministry of Foreign Affairs Abuja, September, 2009.
Oguwu, U. J., & Olukoshi, A. (1991) Economic Diplomacy in Contemporary World and the Nigerian Experience. Nigerian Journal of International Affairs, 15(1-2), 72-73
Ojo, O. J. B. (1976).Commercial Representation in Nigeria’s Overseas Missions: It Nature, Functions and Problems. Nigerian Journal of International Affairs, 2(1-2).
Sen, S. (2005). International Trade Theory and Policy: What is Left of the Free Trade Paradigm? Development and Change, 36(6), 1011-1029
Sen, S. (2010). International Trade Theory and Policy: A Review of the Literature, Levy Economics Institute of Bard College, Working Paper No. 635, 1-23
Works, J. A. (1976) Pilgrims in a Strange Land: Hausa Communities in Chad: New York: Columbia University Press, 182-199