2.2.
Six dimentional strategy of
mental Image
Any comunication bigenes from perspective that any person has about himself. According theory of Dean Barnlond
the relationship between
two person confirm based on six attitudes are mental
images as fallows:
a)
My Mental images of myself
b)
My mental images of you
c)
Your mental images of yourself
d)
Your mental images of me
e)
My mental imagination of your images about me
f)
Your imagination
about my mental images of you
Figure1:
Six dimentions of Mental Images at two situation
Usaully the quantity and some times the
quality of peopele six dimentional mental images about her or himself
and other people increase
duration the life.
2.3.
Subcultural knowledge
Subculture can be define as "a cultural group within a larger culture, often having beliefs or interests at variance with those of the larger culture" (OXFORD DICTIONARY). According Riesman (1950) we can distinguish the majority and minority
of meaning of style, a majority, "which passively accepted commercially provided styles
and meanings, and a 'subculture' which actively
sought a minority style and interpreted it in accordance
with subversive
values".
Hebdige (1979) In his book Subculture: The Meaning of Style, argued
that a subculture is a subversion to Normalcy. He wrote that subcultures can be perceived as negative
due to their nature of criticism to the dominant societal
standard. Hebdige argued that subcultures bring together like-minded individuals who feel neglected by societal
standards and allow them to develop a sense of identity.
Thornton (1995) drawing on
Pierre Bourdieu,
described "subcultural capital"
as the cultural knowledge and commodities acquired by members of a subculture, raising their status and helping differentiate themselves from members of other groups. Gelder (2007) proposed to distinguish subcultures from countercultures based on the level
of immersion in society.
Gelder further proposed six key ways in which subcultures can be identified through
their:
a)
often
negative relations to work (as 'idle', 'parasitic', at play or at leisure,
etc.);
b)
negative
or ambivalent relation to class (since subcultures are not 'class-conscious'
and don't conform to traditional class definitions);
c)
association
with territory (the 'street', the 'hood', the club, etc.), rather than
property;
d)
movement
out of the home and into non-domestic forms of belonging (i.e. social groups
other than the family);
e)
stylistic
ties to excess and exaggeration (with some exceptions);
f)
refusal
of the banalities of ordinary life and massification.
Two sociologists showed that a subculture is a group that serves to motivate a potential member to adopt the artifacts,
behaviors, norms, and
values characteristic of the group (FINE; KLEINMAN, 1979).
2.4.
Subcultures' relationships with
mainstream culture
Potato chip packages featuring hip
hop subcultural designs in a case of mainstream commercial cultural
merging
It may be difficult
to identify certain
subcultures because
their style (particularly clothing
and music) may be adopted
by mass culture
for commercial purposes. Businesses often seek to capitalize on the subversive allure
of subcultures in search of Cool, which remains valuable
in the selling of any product (HOWES, 1996), This process of cultural
appropriation
may often result in the death or evolution of the subculture, as its members
adopt new styles that appear alien to mainstream society (GOLDSTEIN, 2010)
3.
RESEARCH
TYPE
This survy
is based on result an applied
research, based on purpose
a specific , besed on time period a cross sectional , based on variables a qualitative research and based on
conditions is a nonexperimental investigation.
3.1.
Target community
Target community is the students and faculty members
of irany universituies .The subcultures which I have studied
are: Fars, Turk Azeri, Gilaki, Mazani,
Torkman, Balouch, Irani Arab, kord, Lor, Lak, Zorotostian, Kormanji, Irani Jowish subculture, Irani christian
subculture
3.2.
Sample society
The members of research sample
society are educated persons
from high level governmental universitis of Iran who belong
to variety sub-culturs of Iran., these people comparatively has inter-cultural knowledge more than others.
the biographical attributes of target community members
is as fallow:
Number :
90
persons Sex:
Men: 50
women: 40
Education level:
High educated
Age: from 20 to 50 years
Location: the provinces
of Iran (Tehran, Zanjan,
Gillan, Mazandaran, East azarbaijan, West azarbahjan, Golestan, Ardabill, fars) and from 10 universities.
3.3.
Sampleing Method
The
members of Sample society
have been selected through accessable method.
3.4.
Data Collection Method
The
data and information has been collected
through a questionnaire contains twenty descriptive (open answer)
questions and interview.
This data are first hand.
3.5.
Data Analysis Mathod
The collected data has been analysed through
descriptive statistic techniques (Mean,
ratio, Average,
middle, Percent)
and by Spider-Web thechnique. This technique
showes the changes of mental
images about inter subcultures.
3.6.
Variables
The
two key variable are: Six dimentional mental images,
Subculture, the six dimentional mental images
from inter subcultural communication point of view have been specify
as fallow:
a)
My Mental
images about my own sub-culture
b)
My mental
images of your subculture
c)
Your
mental images about your own sub-culture
d)
Your
mental images about my subculture
e)
My
imagination about your mental images of my sub-culture
f)
Your
imagination about my mental images of your sub-culture
3.7.
Self- Engineering strategy of
Mental image
Self-engineering strategy of Mental image is deliberately scanning
the proccess of changing the six dimentional mental images about subcultures in a specific
time duration.
3.8.
Inter Subcultural Ralationship
Any kind of transaction between
one or some people from a subculture and one or some people
from other subcultures.
3.9.
Subcultures
In this survey Subculture is Common actions
(behaviours), Common Objects (things), Common belives (Opinions) and Common Emotons (Affections) of a social
group, like common
language and common clothing.
The relationship way and ability of a person depend on her or his cultural
identities.Identity of people
forms through the five involute
cultural circle or context. In this survey these six dimentional mental images
have been analysis at the forth
level of sociual context.
Figure
2: Cultural levels of Identity
4.
RESULTS
AND FINDINGS
4.1.
First result:
All memebers of sample society
at least have a face to face transaction with one or
more iranian subcultures. This transaction begins
at the first decade of life for 40% and at the second
decade for the 60% of people. Acording the Ericson,s theory of personality
development this decade years (11 to 21 years old) are the period
of forming identity (CRAIN,
WILLIAM, 2011). So one of invironmental factors which
affect the social personality of irany people
is inter subcultural transactions.
4.2.
Second Result:
Any Irany have has
at least a transactions with five subcultures at the middle ages (20 to 50 years old). This measns any irany people
acquires six different
subcultural mental Images about her or himself
and other subculture members.
4.3.
Third Result:
The
subcultures that hase been experienced based on creteria
of periority are as fallow:
a) Persian subculture : 100 %
b) Turk Azeri subculture : 100 %
c) Mazandarani subculture : 100 %
d) Lore subculture : 82 %
e) Gilak subculture : 70 %
f) Kord subculture : 66 %
g) Zorotostian subculture : 50 %
h) Torkman subculture : 30 %
i) Christian subculture : 16 %
j) Jonibi(Busher & Hormozgan): 10%
k) Bahaei subculture : 10 %
l) Kormanaji subculture : 0 %
m) Jewish subculture : 0 %
n) Arab(Irani) subculture : 0 %
o) Balouch subculture : 0 %
As
the figure 3 shows members
of sample society
has no direct
transaction with four (27%) Irani subcultures. Also transaction with two subcultures has been less than 20 percent.
This means the intersubcultural transaction in iran is poor.
Figure 3: The quantity
of Irani Inter
subcultural transaction
Of
cource the one reson for poor transaction between
some subculture like jewish
and christian subcultures
can be those few pupulation .
4.4.
Forth Result:
The foreign subcultures (cultures) that target community members have face to face transaction with thems are fallows:
a) Turky subcultures,(40%)
b) Middle East Arabic(Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Dubai and Saudi
Arabia) subculture, (30%)
c) Scandinavian subculture ( 20%)
d) Indonisian subculture(10%)
e) Malasian subculture(10%)
f) Azeri -Nakhjavan, Baku- (30%)
g) Malaya(10%)
4.5.
Fifth Results:
Half of Iranians
have not any direct and fece to face transaction with foriegn
cultures and subcultures, and other half Has a few transaction just with five foriegn
culture or subculture among handreds
subcultures. It means the subcultural knowledge of iranians is in loe level,
and the transaction between iranian
subcultures and foriegn subcultures are very poor.
4.6.
Sixth Result
The mental image of 85% people about her or himself and about her or him own subculture has been changed after transaction with other subcultures. It means subcultural relationship is a powerful
factor that affects to the shaping proceccess of personality.
4.7.
Seventh Result
The quantity and quality(positive or negative)
of changing of mental images after
inter subcultural transaction are not equal see:
a) The positive Mental image of 25% of people about her or
himself hes been changed to negative
b) The 15% of people has not any change at their mental
images.
c) The negative Mental image of 16% of people about her or
himself hes been changed to positive.
4.8.
Eighth Result
The mental image
of people about their own subculture after transaction with other
subcultures has been changed (77%).
4.9.
Nineth result
The second dimention
of mental Image (mental image of a subculture people
about other subcultures) has been changed after direct
transaction with other subcultures. Amount of this change is about 74%.
The direction of this change has been positive
and negative. This means that inter subcultural relationships can reform our inter cultural knowledge and make it deeper and accurate.
4.10.
Tenth Result
The imagination of iranian subcultures about mental images of other subcultres about her or himself hes been changed
squal 75% after intersubcultural transaction. More than half of cases this change has been awareness
about our negative
point and weaknessess from comunicational point of view. Our pre mental images
about our own subculture
usually is positive but this is not true at all time. We need look at to our identity
from other perspectives inter subcultural transaction gives us this oppourtunity.
This means that this kind of communication can act as a cognitive
strategy of recreating social and cultural even religious
peace. (in the opposite direction
of cultures and civilizations clash).
5.
CONCLUTION
The
three dimentional mantal images of any irani subcultures that from reciprocal
prspective it is a six dimentional communication are continually and
reflectively changing, reforming, developing, and become accurately. If we
decide to analyse and reform and direct this proccesses deliberatly, we can
continually make an effective reciprocal inter-subcultural relationship and
recreate a peacfull set of globalized subculturals.
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